What is the function of the arch wire in orthodontics?

The function of the arch wire in orthodontics is primarily to apply force to move teeth or hold them in place. Arch wires act as a vital component of the orthodontic appliance system, serving to connect the brackets that are bonded to the teeth. They are designed to exert specific forces on the teeth, guiding them into their desired positions over time as the treatment progresses.

In orthodontic treatment, the arch wire's shape and tension influence how teeth are repositioned. By engaging with the brackets, the arch wire creates a pathway for the teeth to move, leading to the gradual alignment of the dental arc as desired by the orthodontist. This process is a fundamental hinge of the entire orthodontic treatment, making the arch wire essential for achieving the patient’s treatment goals.

While the function of connecting brackets and bands is also important, it is secondary to the primary responsibility of force application that dictates the movement of teeth. The other functions listed, such as providing cushioning or separating teeth, do not specifically relate to the core purpose of the arch wire in orthodontics.